Doing business in France

Despite being the country that gave us the term ‘laissez-faire’, doing business in France is actually a highly bureaucratic affair. The country's strong regulatory environment, which developed during its post-war reconstruction, has shaped a distinctive French business culture where government procedures are integrated into many aspects of commercial activities.

The French are proud of their culture and language. This pride is often reflected in the attitude towards international arrivals in France. For this reason, if you want to succeed in business, make a concerted effort to learn the language and familiarise yourself with local customs and practices before doing business in France.

Fast facts

Business hours

Business hours vary in France, with the standard working day being from 8am or 9am to 4pm or 5pm. With a government-set standard 35-hour work week, many companies are flexible, opting for shorter days or Friday afternoons off.

Business language

French is the primary language in France, although English proficiency is widespread and often used in business, particularly in tech sectors and multinational corporations.

Dress

Business attire in France is formal, smart and stylish. It’s also conservative, not flashy.

Gifts

Gifts are not generally expected between colleagues or business associates in France. You may better express appreciation through hosting a dinner or social event. In such social situations, however, a small gift is appropriate as a sign of gratitude.

Gender equality

Women are entitled to equal treatment in France and frequently occupy high positions in the French business world.

Greetings

A handshake is an appropriate greeting for both men and women. French handshakes are typically brisk and light. Use the formal titles ‘Monsieur’ and ‘Madame’ (Mr and Ms).

Business culture in France

You may find it difficult at first to get to grips with business culture in France. On the one hand, it’s quite formal, with adherence to hierarchical business structures and an emphasis on appearance. On the other hand, you’ll need to incorporate some level of flexibility when it comes to deadlines and meetings.

The French are passionate people, and this is reflected in the local business culture. Spirited debates are common. You’re expected to be able to intellectually defend your positions. While arguments may be impassioned, logic usually holds the most weight with French businesspeople.

Hierarchy

Business culture in France is particularly hierarchical, with policy and vision conceived by upper management and carried out by junior employees. Socialising across hierarchical lines is unusual. Most senior managers in French companies hail from the elite Grandes Écoles schools and share a respect for intellectualism.

Appearance

You may want to give your wardrobe some attention before jumping into the business world, as appearance is important in France. Business dress is typically stylish and conservative. Dark suits are appropriate, and clothes should be of good quality. Even occasions specified as informal will require tastefully coordinated dress, including a jacket for men.

Flexibility

French businesspeople are casual about punctuality, and it’s not unusual for business associates to be 10 to 15 minutes late to a meeting. Similarly, deadlines may be considered negotiable unless otherwise stated.

Titles

When addressing a French businessperson, always use the appropriate formal title like ‘Monsieur’ and ‘Madame’ unless told otherwise.

Dos and don’ts of business in France

• Do dress stylishly and wear quality business attire
• Don’t make exaggerated claims
• Do ensure that your written communications are grammatically correct
• Do expect to defend your ideas intellectually
• Do begin meetings with a brief greeting in French, even if the rest will be in English
• Don’t rush straight into business matters without some polite conversation first