Local culture in Laos

Expats find the people of Laos to be easygoing, open, warm, and welcoming. Despite having the lowest population density in Southeast Asia, Laos has more than 60 ethnic groups, each with their own language or dialect. Most Lao share similar values and perspectives and a collectivistic approach to overcoming the country's hardships, both past and present.

The local culture in Laos is informed by the importance its people put on harmony and respect, as well as their shared spirituality. Though Buddhism is no longer the state religion of Laos, two-thirds of Laotians are Buddhists, and many young Lao men become monks for a period of time. Most Lao people live in underdeveloped rural areas, and nearly 80 percent of the country's working population are agricultural workers.

Language barrier in Laos

Most Lao people speak a dialect of the Lao language, and many Lao understand some Southern Chinese (Zhuang) as well as Vietnamese and Thai, especially near the borders. If you already know one of these languages, it's fairly easy to learn Lao. Given the 60 years of French colonial rule, Laos has the second-largest French-speaking population in Southeast Asia, while English is most likely to be spoken in tourist areas.

Religion in Laos

Buddhist monks and nuns can be found throughout Laos and are treated with the highest respect and reverence. Almsgiving is a common practice, and spiritual leaders may be given preferential seating on transport or at a meal. 

Expats should be careful not to touch a monk or nun as a sign of respect for the integral role they play in Lao society. Similarly, it is wise to avoid disrespecting Buddhist statues or iconography.

Freedom of religion in Laos allows for any religion to be practiced in the country, and there are small communities practising religions such as Christianity, Catholicism, and Islam. It's worth noting that proselytising is illegal.

Politics in Laos

As with other countries in Southeast Asia, it is best for expats to avoid bringing up the Vietnam War (known in the region as the Second Indochina War) and the civil war in Laos, especially among older Laotians. If a colleague or friend chooses to talk about it, expats should listen quietly and respectfully. As a result of the USA's role in the war, some older Laotians may distrust American expats, though this is significantly less prevalent among younger Laotians.

Etiquette and customs in Laos

A significant part of social life in Laos is concerned with maintaining 'face' – the shared respect and harmony between people. Avoiding conflict and understanding your place in terms of seniority and hierarchy is essential for preserving face.

Physical contact is not usual between people of the same gender, and men and women rarely show affection in public. When visiting a Lao house or temple, it's a good idea to wear modest clothing that covers your shoulders and knees.