Safety in Nigeria

Nigeria has long been notorious for its challenges with safety and security, and it’s no surprise that even well-seasoned travellers with years of experience might be concerned about personal safety here. When considering Nigeria, be aware of the country’s security situation.

Many Western governments, including the US and UK, have issued travel warnings to their citizens, advising them to avoid all but essential travel to certain parts of Nigeria. These warnings are especially pertinent for the northern states, due to sectarian violence, and the southern oil-producing regions, where rebel activity remains a concern. The states of Borno, Yobe, and Kogi have been flagged as particularly dangerous, with ‘Do Not Travel’ advisories in place.

That said, many expats who move to Nigeria acknowledge the risks but report that they generally feel safe, especially in more secure areas like Lagos and Abuja. The key is to remain cautious and follow local advice on safety protocols.

Terrorism and conflict in Nigeria

Terrorism in Nigeria continues to be a serious concern, particularly for expats working in the oil-rich Niger Delta or Northern Nigeria. If you find yourself in these areas, stay alert to the risks associated with terrorist groups like Boko Haram and Islamic State West Africa (ISWA), which remain active in the region. These groups have intensified conflicts in the north, especially in the Borno, Yobe, and Adamawa states, where attacks on civilians have become more frequent in recent years.

Governments, including the US and UK, strongly advise against all travel to the northern states due to the unpredictable security situation. There’s a high risk of attacks targeting international bodies, Western nationals, and expats, so it’s essential to remain vigilant. Avoid government and military installations, as well as places of worship such as churches and mosques, which can be targets for terrorist activity.

Curfews are often imposed in high-risk areas. Stay updated with local news and follow any instructions from local authorities.

Kidnappings

Kidnappings remain a major threat in Nigeria, and expats are frequently targeted, whether for ransom or terrorist motives. The risk is particularly high in certain regions such as Kogi, Katsina, and parts of the Niger Delta. If you’re working in industries like humanitarian aid, journalism, tourism, or business, you must take extra precautions. Follow safety protocols, avoid high-risk areas, and keep a low profile to reduce your risk of being targeted.

It’s a good idea to arrange secure transport and avoid travelling alone, particularly in rural areas or after dark. Establish communication plans with your employer and local authorities, and stay informed about the latest security developments in your area.

Protests

Protests in Nigeria can quickly turn violent, especially in cities like Abuja. Recent protests have been driven by economic grievances such as rising inflation and corruption, and authorities often respond to these with force. Avoid large crowds and steer clear of political rallies and public demonstrations, particularly during periods of heightened tension. Violent clashes between protesters and security forces are not uncommon, and it’s better to stay on the safe side.

The government has sometimes imposed restrictions on public gatherings to maintain order, so stay aware of local advisories. If you notice unrest in your vicinity, it’s best to leave and find somewhere safe.

Crime in Nigeria

Crime in Nigeria remains a persistent concern, with both violent and petty crimes prevalent across the country. Assault, burglary, mugging, carjacking, and home invasions are common threats. Always stay aware of your surroundings, as even high-end neighbourhoods aren’t immune. Expats are frequently targeted due to their perceived wealth.

Unfortunately, Nigerian law enforcement may not always respond promptly to incidents, and in some cases, they’ve been known to exploit foreigners by demanding bribes, particularly at checkpoints. Many expats have reported being coerced under the threat of jail time. It’s important always to be cautious when interacting with authorities and to know your rights.

To minimise risks, adopt the same safety measures you’d use in any major city. Remain alert, avoid drawing attention to yourself, and steer clear of risky areas, especially at night.

If you’re living in Nigeria, you may stay in accommodation with 24-hour security, such as a gated community or apartment complex. While this can provide peace of mind, it’s still best practice to lock doors and windows overnight and whenever you leave your home. Remember, even high walls and guards may not deter determined robbers.

Many armed robberies happen at night, especially in urban areas. If you’re looking to take in Nigeria’s nightlife, stick to well-lit, central areas, and always remain vigilant. It’s better to err on the side of caution and limit your movements after dark.

Fraud in Nigeria

When it comes to fraud in Nigeria, the infamous 419 scams – named after the section of the Nigerian penal code dealing with financial fraud – are still a threat. These scams, often involving email or text messages, typically present fake business proposals or distressing stories, requesting money transfers. Although this type of fraud is well-known, new schemes constantly emerge, and it’s essential to stay aware.

The Nigerian authorities, particularly the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC), are actively working to combat these scams. Public awareness campaigns and increased surveillance are helping to reduce cases, but you should still be vigilant, especially when dealing with unfamiliar financial offers.

Advancements in Nigeria’s banking security have been made, with many banks implementing two-factor authentication and closer monitoring of suspicious activities. However, regularly checking your bank and credit card statements for any irregularities is always a good idea.

Road safety in Nigeria

Road safety in Nigeria is a significant concern, with the risks of armed robbery and carjackings being particularly high in certain areas. Driving at night should be avoided due to the increased likelihood of attacks. For expats, hiring a trusted driver is usually safer than making your way through Nigeria’s often chaotic roadways yourself.

While major cities’ road conditions have improved, rural areas still struggle with poor infrastructure, which can make travel even more hazardous. Many expats negotiate a driver into their employment package for added security and peace of mind.

Public transport remains unreliable and often unsafe, so it’s recommended that you use only reputable, pre-arranged transport services. When arriving in Nigeria, make sure someone you know meets you at the airport to avoid the risks associated with hailing a taxi on the spot.