Transport and Driving in the Philippines

Getting around the Philippines is straightforward and flexible, thanks to the various modes of transport available. Whether you prefer driving, hiring a driver, or using public transport, you have plenty of options to navigate the country efficiently.

Public transport in the Philippines

Buses

Buses are a common sight on Manila’s major roads and in distant provinces. You’ll find both air-conditioned and non-air-conditioned buses, with large placards displaying destinations at the front.

While buses provide an affordable way to travel, city buses are often overcrowded. Stops are not clearly labelled, making it difficult for first-time passengers to navigate routes. Safety regulations exist, including mandatory maintenance checks and driver training, but enforcement varies.

Trains

The railway system in the Philippines offers an affordable way to travel between major cities, although reliability remains a challenge. Due to ageing infrastructure, overcrowding, and technical glitches, delays are common, especially on the Philippine National Railways (PNR), Light Rail Transit (LRT), and Metro Rail Transit (MRT) lines.

Metro Manila’s rail network extends into its suburbs and outlying provinces. However, coverage remains limited, leading to high demand and congestion during peak hours.

Accessibility for people with disabilities is inconsistent. Some stations have wheelchair ramps and lifts, but many older stations lack proper accessibility features, making travel challenging for those with mobility issues.

Jeepneys

Originally converted military Jeeps from WWII, jeepneys are an iconic and essential mode of transport. These flamboyantly decorated vehicles are deeply woven into Filipino culture and operate on fixed routes displayed on the exterior.

Jeepneys pick up and drop off passengers anywhere along their routes rather than at designated stops. This flexibility makes them convenient but also contributes to traffic congestion. Overcrowding is common, and if you’re unfamiliar with the route, it can be tricky to know where to get off.

The Jeepney Modernization Program aims to replace older, emission-heavy vehicles with environmentally friendly models. While progress is ongoing, traditional jeepneys remain the primary choice for many commuters.

Useful links

• Philippine National Railways (PNR)
• Light Rail Transit Authority (LRT)
• Department of Transportation (DOTr)

Taxis in the Philippines

Taxis in the Philippines provide a convenient and comfortable way to get around the cities. Whether you need a quick ride or prefer the reliability of a door-to-door service, taxis and ride-hailing apps are readily available.

You can book a taxi from a hotel, hail one on the street, or use a ride-hailing app like Grab, JoyRide, or the newly launched Lalamove Ride. These apps often offer better pricing and tracking features, making them a safer and more transparent option.

Traditional taxis still operate widely, but be cautious – overcharging at airports, particularly at Manila’s Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA), remains a common issue. Unregistered drivers may also offer negotiated fares, frequently at inflated rates. To avoid scams, stick to metered taxis or ride-hailing services, and share your driver and vehicle details with a friend or family member for safety.

Useful links

• Grab Philippines
• Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board (LTFRB)
• InDrive
• Lalamove Ride
• JoyRide

Driving in the Philippines

Driving in the Philippines can be an adventure, but it comes with challenges. If you’re unfamiliar with local traffic conditions, hiring a driver initially may be a wise move. Roads can be congested, and enforcement of traffic laws is often inconsistent.

Traffic laws are gradually being more strictly enforced, especially in Metro Manila. The Land Transportation Office (LTO) and Philippine National Police (PNP) have increased crackdowns on reckless driving and road stunts.

Many roads are in poor condition, with large potholes and unclear signage. Night driving can be particularly hazardous, especially during the rainy season when flooding is common.

Car insurance

Third-party car insurance is mandatory in the Philippines. Most international car insurance policies are not accepted, so you should secure a local policy. Comprehensive insurance is advisable to cover potential risks, including damage from floods or accidents.

Driver’s licences

If you plan to drive long-term, you can use your foreign licence for up to 90 days. After that, you must convert it into a Philippine driver’s licence at an LTO office. The process requires your passport, visa, and existing licence.

Useful links

• Land Transportation Office (LTO)
• Department of Transportation (DOTr)
• Metro Manila Development Authority (MMDA)

Boat travel in the Philippines

With its over 7,000 islands, boat travel in the Philippines is essential for getting around. Whether you’re taking a ferry between major islands or hopping on a traditional bangka for short distances, maritime transport is a way of life.

Bangkas, small wooden boats with outriggers, remain the most traditional and widely used form of water transport. They are ideal for short trips between coastal towns and islands. For longer journeys, ferries offer a more comfortable ride, with several operators providing scheduled routes. Catamarans, the fastest option, serve high-demand routes between larger islands.

The Maritime Industry Authority (MARINA) and the Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) enforce strict safety regulations. Passenger capacity limits prevent overloading, while all vessels must be equipped with life vests, lifeboats, and fire extinguishers. Regular inspections ensure compliance, and sailings may be suspended during rough seas or typhoons.

Useful links

• Maritime Industry Authority (MARINA)
• Philippine Coast Guard (PCG)

Air travel in the Philippines

Air travel is the fastest way to traverse the Philippines’ vast archipelago. Major airports include NAIA in Manila, Clark International Airport near Angeles, Mactan-Cebu International Airport in Cebu, and Subic Bay International Airport.

Philippine Airlines (PAL) has expanded its domestic routes, introducing flights from Manila to Cauayan to improve regional connectivity.

Useful links

• Manila International Airport Authority (NAIA)
• Philippine Airlines (PAL)
• Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB)